BECE · 15 topics

Science

G3N tutors you through the full BECE Science syllabus offline — from Strand 1: Diversity of Matter, Strand 2: Cycles, Strand 3: Systems and more — with adaptive lessons, instant quizzes and exam-ready summaries.

Study Science now All BECE subjects

Syllabus

What you’ll cover in Science.

The complete topic outline G3N teaches, mapped to the BECE curriculum.

Basic 7

5 topics

Strand 1: Diversity of Matter

Sub-strand 1: Materials
- Properties and classification of materials
- States of matter and changes of state
- Mixtures and methods of separation
- Acids, bases and indicators
- Metals and non-metals
Sub-strand 2: Living Cells
- Cell structure and function in plants and animals
- Cell organelles and their roles
- Unicellular and multicellular organisms
- Levels of organisation: cells, tissues, organs, systems

Strand 2: Cycles

Sub-strand 1: Earth Science
- The structure of the Earth: crust, mantle and core
- Rocks and minerals: igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic
- The rock cycle
- Weathering and erosion
Sub-strand 2: Life Cycle of Organisms
- Life cycles of plants: seed germination to reproduction
- Life cycles of animals: insects, amphibians, mammals
- Metamorphosis: complete and incomplete
- Reproduction in plants: sexual and asexual
Sub-strand 3: Crop Production
- Types of crops and their importance
- Soil preparation, planting and nursery practices
- Crop maintenance: weeding, watering and fertilising
- Harvesting, storage and processing of crops
Sub-strand 4: Animal Production
- Types of farm animals and their products
- Feeding and housing of farm animals
- Animal health and disease prevention
- Poultry, ruminant and aquaculture production

Strand 3: Systems

Sub-strand 1: The Human Body System
- Digestive system: organs and functions
- Respiratory system: breathing and gas exchange
- Circulatory system: heart, blood and blood vessels
- Skeletal and muscular systems
- Nervous system and sense organs
Sub-strand 2: The Solar System
- The Sun, planets and their characteristics
- Moons, asteroids and comets
- Rotation and revolution: day, night and seasons
- Eclipses: solar and lunar
Sub-strand 3: Ecosystem
- Components of an ecosystem: biotic and abiotic
- Food chains and food webs
- Energy flow in ecosystems
- Types of ecosystems in Ghana
Sub-strand 4: Farming Systems
- Types of farming systems in Ghana
- Subsistence and commercial farming
- Mixed farming and crop rotation
- Modern and traditional farming practices

Strand 4: Forces and Energy

Sub-strand 1: Energy
- Forms of energy: solar, thermal, mechanical, electrical
- Energy transformations and conservation
- Renewable and non-renewable energy sources
- Energy use in everyday life
Sub-strand 2: Electricity and Electronics
- Simple electric circuits: series and parallel
- Conductors and insulators
- Electrical safety and hazards
- Common electronic components and their uses
Sub-strand 3: Conversion and Conservation of Energy
- Conversion of energy from one form to another
- Energy efficiency and conservation at home
- Solar energy and its applications
- Consequences of energy waste
Sub-strand 4: Force and Motion
- Types of forces: gravitational, frictional, magnetic
- Effects of forces on objects
- Simple machines: levers, pulleys and inclined planes
- Pressure in solids, liquids and gases
Sub-strand 5: Agricultural Tools
- Types and uses of farm tools
- Care and maintenance of farm tools
- Simple machines used in farming
- Safety in use of agricultural tools

Strand 5: Humans and the Environment

Sub-strand 1: Waste Management
- Types of waste and their sources
- Effects of improper waste disposal
- Reduce, reuse, recycle approach
- Waste management in the community
Sub-strand 2: Human Health
- Common diseases and their prevention
- Personal hygiene and healthy lifestyle
- Nutrition and balanced diet
- First aid for common injuries and illnesses
Sub-strand 3: Science and Industry
- Role of science in industrial development
- Common industrial processes in Ghana
- Science and technology in everyday life
- Career opportunities in science
Sub-strand 4: Climate Change and Green Economy
- Causes and effects of climate change
- Greenhouse gases and global warming
- Adaptation and mitigation strategies
- Green economy and sustainable practices
Sub-strand 5: Understanding the Environment
- Natural resources in Ghana
- Environmental conservation and protection
- Human impact on the environment
- Biodiversity and its importance

Basic 8

5 topics

Strand 1: Diversity of Matter

Sub-strand 1: Materials
- Atomic structure and the periodic table
- Chemical and physical changes
- Solutions, suspensions and colloids
- Reactivity series of metals
- Polymers and plastics
Sub-strand 2: Living Cells
- Specialised cells and their functions
- Cell division: mitosis and meiosis
- Diffusion and osmosis in cells
- Enzymes and their role in living organisms

Strand 2: Cycles

Sub-strand 1: Earth Science
- The water cycle and its importance
- Tectonic plates, earthquakes and volcanoes
- Types of soils and soil formation
- Atmosphere and weather patterns
Sub-strand 2: Life Cycle of Organisms
- Human reproduction and development
- Adolescence and puberty changes
- Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and prevention
- Responsible sexual behaviour
Sub-strand 3: Crop Production
- Crop diseases and pest management
- Organic and inorganic fertilisers
- Irrigation and water management in farming
- Post-harvest management
Sub-strand 4: Animal Production
- Animal breeding and genetics
- Vaccination and disease control in farm animals
- Processing and preservation of animal products
- Animal welfare and ethical farming

Strand 3: Systems

Sub-strand 1: The Human Body System
- Endocrine system: hormones and their effects
- Reproductive system: male and female
- Immune system and disease resistance
- Integumentary system: skin and its functions
Sub-strand 2: The Solar System
- Planets of the solar system in detail
- Space exploration and technologies
- Gravity and its effects
- Satellites: natural and artificial
Sub-strand 3: Ecosystem
- Ecological succession
- Biomes of the world
- Population dynamics in ecosystems
- Human impact on biodiversity
Sub-strand 4: Farming Systems
- Agribusiness and commercial farming
- Mechanisation in agriculture
- Sustainable agricultural practices
- Agricultural policies in Ghana

Strand 4: Forces and Energy

Sub-strand 1: Energy
- Heat transfer: conduction, convection and radiation
- Light: reflection, refraction and dispersion
- Sound waves: properties and applications
- Nuclear energy: fission and fusion
Sub-strand 2: Electricity and Electronics
- Ohm's Law and electrical calculations
- Magnetic effects of electric current
- Electromagnetic induction
- Digital and analogue electronics
Sub-strand 3: Conversion and Conservation of Energy
- Efficiency of machines and energy systems
- Hydroelectric and wind power generation
- Biomass energy production
- Energy policy and sustainability
Sub-strand 4: Force and Motion
- Newton's laws of motion
- Speed, velocity and acceleration
- Momentum and impulse
- Gravitational force and weight
Sub-strand 5: Agricultural Tools
- Agricultural machinery: tractors and attachments
- Maintenance and repair of farm machinery
- Irrigation equipment and systems
- Post-harvest technology equipment

Strand 5: Humans and the Environment

Sub-strand 1: Waste Management
- Industrial waste and its treatment
- Biogas and composting from organic waste
- Water treatment and purification
- Hazardous waste management
Sub-strand 2: Human Health
- Communicable diseases: malaria, cholera, tuberculosis
- Non-communicable diseases: diabetes, hypertension, cancer
- Mental health and emotional wellbeing
- Immunisation and vaccination programmes
Sub-strand 3: Science and Industry
- Mining and mineral processing in Ghana
- Food processing and preservation industries
- Pharmaceutical and chemical industries
- Technology and innovation in industry
Sub-strand 4: Climate Change and Green Economy
- International climate agreements and protocols
- Carbon footprint and reduction strategies
- Green technologies and clean energy
- Sustainable development goals (SDGs)
Sub-strand 5: Understanding the Environment
- Deforestation and its consequences
- Land degradation and desertification
- Water bodies: rivers, lakes and oceans
- Environmental legislation in Ghana

Basic 9

5 topics

Strand 1: Diversity of Matter

Sub-strand 1: Materials
- Chemical bonding: ionic, covalent and metallic
- Chemical equations and stoichiometry
- Rates of chemical reactions
- Acids and bases: pH and neutralisation
- Electrochemistry: electrolysis
Sub-strand 2: Living Cells
- Genetics: DNA, genes and inheritance
- Biotechnology and genetic engineering
- Evolution and natural selection
- Classification of organisms

Strand 2: Cycles

Sub-strand 1: Earth Sciences
- Nutrient cycles: carbon, nitrogen and water cycles
- Climate zones and vegetation belts
- Geological time and fossil record
- Natural disasters and mitigation
Sub-strand 2: Life Cycle of Organisms
- Genetics and heredity: Mendel's laws
- Variation and mutation
- Population genetics and evolution
- Biotechnology applications in medicine
Sub-strand 3: Crop Production
- Biotechnology in crop improvement
- Genetically modified organisms (GMOs)
- Integrated pest management
- Agro-processing and value addition
Sub-strand 4: Animal Production
- Animal physiology and nutrition
- Artificial insemination and selective breeding
- Fish farming: aquaculture practices
- Value chain in animal production

Strand 3: Systems

Sub-strand 1: The Human Body System
- Homeostasis: maintaining body balance
- Excretory system: kidneys and waste removal
- Blood disorders and treatment
- Organ transplants and medical technologies
Sub-strand 2: The Solar System
- Stars: life cycle and classification
- Galaxies and the universe
- Space exploration: history and future
- Astronomical tools and telescopes
Sub-strand 3: Ecosystem
- Conservation of biodiversity and protected areas
- Invasive species and their impact
- Marine and freshwater ecosystems
- Ecosystem services and their value
Sub-strand 4: Farming Systems
- Smart farming and precision agriculture
- Climate-smart agriculture
- Agricultural value chains
- Entrepreneurship in agriculture

Strand 4: Forces and Energy

Sub-strand 1: Energy
- Wave properties and types
- Electromagnetic spectrum and applications
- Radioactivity and radiation
- Energy in the future: emerging technologies
Sub-strand 2: Electricity and Electronics
- Electric power transmission and distribution
- Electronic devices: diodes, transistors and logic gates
- Communication systems: radio, television, internet
- Robotics and automation
Sub-strand 3: Conversion and Conservation of Energy
- Thermodynamics: laws and applications
- Engines: internal combustion and steam
- Solar cells and photovoltaic systems
- Energy auditing and conservation
Sub-strand 4: Force and Motion
- Circular motion and centripetal force
- Work, energy and power calculations
- Simple harmonic motion
- Applications of mechanics in engineering
Sub-strand 5: Agricultural Tools
- Automation in modern agriculture
- Drones and satellite technology in farming
- Solar-powered agricultural equipment
- Maintenance of modern farm equipment

Strand 5: Humans and the Environment

Sub-strand 1: Waste Management
- Electronic waste and its management
- Circular economy principles
- Innovative waste recycling technologies
- Community-based waste management
Sub-strand 2: Human Health
- Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases
- Drug resistance and antibiotic use
- Global health challenges and responses
- Health technology and innovations
Sub-strand 3: Science and Industry
- Nanotechnology and its applications
- Biotechnology in industry
- ICT and its impact on industry
- Innovation and entrepreneurship in science
Sub-strand 4: Climate Change and Green Economy
- Climate modelling and prediction
- Ghana's climate change action plan
- Green business and sustainable enterprise
- Youth role in climate action
Sub-strand 5: Understanding the Environment
- Environmental impact assessment
- Ecosystem restoration initiatives
- Sustainable development in Ghana
- Global environmental governance

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